017

Title:

Drug delivery system for platinum nanoparticles

Discipline: Drug delivery

Presenter:

Aida Lopez Ruiz

Abstract:

Breast cancer is the second most common cancer among women in the United States. Breast cancer can be classified on the expression of estrogen and progesterone receptors (ER+/PR+) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2+). The presence of those three receptors can be used for targeted therapies. However, not all the breast cancers are positive to these receptors, with about 19% of all the cases being triple negative (ER-/PR-/HER2-). Triple negative breast cancer does not have any targeted therapy leaving just three treatment options: surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Therefore, there is an urgent need for new therapies against triple negative breast cancer. Nanomedicine offers the option to act selectively against cancer and enhance the effectiveness of other therapies. The activity of nanoparticles is based on their small size and high surface area; these properties allow them to penetrate biofilms as well as influence intracellular mechanisms. Recent studies indicate that platinum nanoparticles can be used as a therapy for cancer showing limited toxicity to healthy cells. Platinum nanoparticles were synthesized adapting the work from Shim et al., to produce particles of 45nm. The anticancer activity of PtNPs was tested with TNB cells showing a remarkable effect. Cytotoxicity with fibroblast was also performed to check the cytotoxicity with healthy cells showing lower toxicity than common chemotherapeutics and not significant differences between the control group and the use of nanoparticles after 5 days incubation. Moreover, to enhance the circulation of the particles and accumulation at the tumor site a delivery system is preferred. Poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) particles where synthesized as a delivery system for PtNPs. PLGA is a copolymer of poly(lactic acid) (PLA) and poly(glycolic acid) (PGA), those two monomers are metabolized by the body, making PLGA toxicity minimal. In this work, the encapsulation of PtNPs within PLGA particles was performed by three different methodologies: nanoemulsion, electrospinning and nanoprecipitation. Nanoemulsion showed a higher encapsulation with a 60% encapsulation of PtNPs and an average size of 150nm.

Author(s):

Aida López Ruiz, Kathleen McEnnis

Funding Acknowledgements:

New Jersey Health Foundation